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/* record.c -- keyboard to adagio recorder
* Copyright 1989 Carnegie Mellon University
*
* the interface consists of three routines:
* rec_init() -- initialization
* rec_event(byte *data) -- called to insert (record) midi data,
* -- returns FALSE if no more space
* rec_final() -- called to finish up
*/
/*****************************************************************************
* Change Log
* Date | Change
*-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------
* 27-Feb-86 | Created changelog
* | Use pedal information when computing durations (code taken
* | from transcribe.c)
* 23-Mar-86 | Determine size of transcription when rec_init is called.
* 21-May-86 | Major rewrite to use continuous controls (code taken
* | from transcribe.c)
* 1-Aug-87 | F.H. Changed rec_init() to new memory handling.
* 17-Oct-88 | JCD : portable version.
* 31-Jan-90 | GWL : cleaned up for LATTICE
* 30-Jun-90 | RBD : further changes
* 2-Apr-91 | JDW : further changes
* 28-Apr-03 | DM : changed for portability; true->TRUE, false->FALSE
*****************************************************************************/
#include "switches.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "cext.h"
#include "midifns.h"
#include "userio.h"
#include "midicode.h"
#include "record.h"
#include "cmdline.h"
extern long space; /* how much space is left? */
int debug_rec = FALSE; /* verbose debug flag for this module */
long max_notes = -1L; /* -1 is flag that space must be allocated */
time_type previous_time;
/****************************************************************
* data structure notes: the midi stream is stored as an array
* of 4-byte records, each of which is either a time or midi
* data. Midi data always begins with a control byte (high
* order bit set), and it is assumed times are positive (high
* order bit clear), so the two are easy to distinguish
* IF THE COMPILER PUTS THESE BITS IN THE SAME PLACE. It looks
* like the high order byte of the time lines up with the last
* byte of a 4 byte array, so we will always set the high order
* bit of the last array byte when the first 3 bytes are filled
* with MIDI data. This is refered to as the "tag" bit.
* WARNING: Lattice C longs are UNSIGNED, therefore always
* positive. Test the high order bit with a mask.
****************************************************************/
#define MIDI_CMD_BIT 0x80
#define HIGH_BIT 0x80000000
#define istime(note) (!(((note)->when) & HIGH_BIT))
typedef union note_struct {
byte n[4];
long when;
}
*note_type, note_node;
private note_type event_buff; /* pointer to allocated buffer */
private note_type next; /* pointer to next entry in buffer */
private note_type last; /* pointer to last entry in buffer */
private int pile_ups; /* inner loop iteration count */
private int max_pile_up; /* maximum of pile_ups */
private boolean fixed_octave; /* used to avoid many error messages */
/****************************************************************************
* Routines local to this module
****************************************************************************/
private void bend_filter();
private void byteorder();
private void ctrl_filter();
private int event_bend();
private void filter();
private long getdur();
private long getnext();
private char map_ctrl();
private void output();
/****************************************************************************
* bend_filter
* Inputs:
* note_type note: the current note
* note_type last: the last recorded event
* long now: the current time
* Effect:
* remove pitch bend events in same 0.01 sec time slot
* Implementation:
* If the current event is a pitch bend that bends again
* in the same time slot, make it a no-op by replacing it with
* the time.
****************************************************************************/
private void bend_filter(note, last, now)
note_type note; /* current note */
note_type last; /* the last recorded event */
long now; /* the current time */
{
/* first see if there is another bend in this time
* slot.
*/
note_type note2 = note + 1;
while (note2 < last) {
if (istime(note2) && (note2->when > now)) {
break; /* new time slot */
}
else if (note->n[0] == note2->n[0]) {
note->when = now;
return; /* found another bend */
}
note2++;
}
}
/****************************************************************************
* byteorder
* Effect:
* check out assumptions about byte order and placement
****************************************************************************/
private void byteorder()
{
note_node test_event;
if ((sizeof(test_event) != 4) ||
(sizeof(test_event.when) != 4) ||
(sizeof(test_event.n[0]) != 1)) {
gprintf(ERROR, "implementation error: size problem\n");
EXIT(1);
}
test_event.n[0] = 0x12;
test_event.n[1] = 0x34;
test_event.n[2] = 0x56;
test_event.n[3] = 0x78;
if ((test_event.when != 0x78563412) &&
(test_event.when != 0x12345678)) {
gprintf(ERROR, "implementation error: layout problem\n");
EXIT(1);
}
}
/****************************************************************************
* ctrl_filter
* Inputs:
* note_type note: the current note
* note_type last: the last recorded event
* long now: the current time
* Effect:
* remove ctrl change events in same 0.01 sec time slot
* Implementation:
* If the current event is a control change that changes again
* in the same time slot, make it a no-op by replacing it with
* the time.
****************************************************************************/
private void ctrl_filter(note, last, now)
note_type note; /* the current note */
note_type last; /* the last recorded event */
long now; /* the current time */
{
/* see if there is another control change in this time
* slot.
*/
note_type note2 = note+1;
while (note2 < last) {
if (istime(note2) && (note2->when > now)) {
break; /* new time slot */
}
else if ((note->n[0] == note2->n[0]) &&
(note->n[1] == note2->n[1])) {
note->when = now;
return; /* found another change */
}
note2++;
}
}
/****************************************************************************
* event_bend
* Inputs:
* note_type note: pointer to a pitch bend event
* Outputs:
* returns int: an 8 bit pitch bend number
****************************************************************************/
private int event_bend(note)
note_type note;
{
return((int) (((note->n[1]) >> 6) + ((note->n[2]) << 1)));
}
/****************************************************************************
* filter
* Inputs:
* note_type last: the last note recorded
* Effect: allow only one control change per time slot (0.01 sec)
* Implementation:
* call ctrl_filter and bend_filter to overwrite control changes with
* noop data (the current time is used as a noop)
****************************************************************************/
private void filter(last)
note_type last;
{
note_type note; /* loop control variable */
long now=0; /* last time seen */
int command; /* command pointed to by note */
for (note = event_buff; note <= last; note++) {
if (istime(note)) {
now = note->when;
}
else {
command = note->n[0] & MIDI_CODE_MASK;
if (command == MIDI_CTRL &&
note->n[1] == SUSTAIN) {
/* do nothing */;
}
else if (command == MIDI_CTRL) {
ctrl_filter(note, last, now);
}
else if (command == MIDI_TOUCH) {
bend_filter(note, last, now); /* bend and touch use the */
}
else if (command == MIDI_BEND) { /* same filter routines */
bend_filter(note, last, now);
}
}
}
}
/****************************************************************************
* getdur
* Inputs:
* int i: index of the note
* note_type last: pointer to the last event recorded
* int ped: TRUE if pedal is down at event i
* long now: the time at event i
* Outputs:
* returns long: the duration of note i
* Assumes:
* assumes i is a note
* Implementation:
* This is tricky because of pedal messages. The note is kept on by
* either the key or the pedal. Keep 2 flags, key and ped. Key is
* turned off when a key is released, ped goes off and on with pedal.
* Note ends when (1) both key and ped are FALSE, (2) key is
* pressed (this event will also start another note).
****************************************************************************/
private long getdur(i, last, ped, now)
int i;
note_type last;
int ped;
long now;
{
int key = TRUE; /* flag that says if note is on */
long start = now;
int chan = event_buff[i].n[0] & MIDI_CHN_MASK;
int pitch = event_buff[i].n[1];
note_type note = &(event_buff[i+1]);
int noteon; /* TRUE if a noteon message received on chan */
int keyon; /* TRUE if noteon message had non-zero velocity */
/* search from the next event (i+1) to the end of the buffer:
*/
for (; note < last; note++) {
if (istime(note)) {
now = note->when;
}
else {
noteon = keyon = FALSE;
if ((note->n[0] & MIDI_CHN_MASK) == chan) {
noteon = ((note->n[0] & MIDI_CODE_MASK) == MIDI_ON_NOTE) &&
(note->n[1] == pitch);
keyon = noteon && (note->n[2] != 0);
if ((noteon && (note->n[2] == 0)) ||
(((note->n[0] & MIDI_CODE_MASK) == MIDI_OFF_NOTE) &&
(note->n[1] == pitch))) key = FALSE;
if (((note->n[0] & MIDI_CODE_MASK) == MIDI_CTRL) &&
note->n[1] == SUSTAIN && note->n[2] == 127) ped = TRUE;
if (((note->n[0] & MIDI_CODE_MASK) == MIDI_CTRL) &&
note->n[1] == SUSTAIN && note->n[2] == 0) ped = FALSE;
if ((!key && !ped) || keyon)
return(now - start);
}
}
}
return(last->when - start);
}
/****************************************************************************
* getnext
* Inputs:
* int i: the index of the current note
* note_type last: pointer to last valid data
* long now: the current time
* Outputs:
* returns long: the time of the next note, program, or control change
* (returns time of last event if nothing else is found)
****************************************************************************/
private long getnext(i, last, now)
int i; /* the index of the current note */
note_type last; /* pointer to last valid data */
long now; /* the current time */
{
i++; /* advance to next item */
for (; event_buff + i < last; i++) {
note_type note = &(event_buff[i]);
int cmd = note->n[0] & MIDI_CODE_MASK;
if (istime(note)) {
now = note->when;
}
else if (((cmd == MIDI_ON_NOTE) &&
(note->n[2] != 0)) /* note on */ ||
(cmd == MIDI_CH_PROGRAM) /* program change */ ||
((cmd == MIDI_CTRL) &&
(note->n[1] != SUSTAIN) /* control change */ ) ||
(cmd == MIDI_TOUCH) ||
(cmd == MIDI_BEND)) {
return(now);
}
}
return(last->when);
}
/****************************************************************************
* map_ctrl
* Inputs:
* int control: a midi control number
* Outputs:
* returns char: an adagio control change command letter, EOS if
* control change is not one of PORTARATE, PORTASWITCH,
* MODWHEEL, FOOT
****************************************************************************/
private char map_ctrl(control)
int control;
{
switch (control) {
/* 'J' is no longer code for PORTARATE
case PORTARATE:
return 'J'; */
case PORTASWITCH:
return 'K';
case MODWHEEL:
return 'M';
case VOLUME:
return 'X';
default:
return EOS;
}
#ifdef LATTICE322
return EOS; /* make Lattice C type checker happy */
#endif
}
/****************************************************************************
* output
* Inputs:
* FILE *fp: an opened file pointer
* note_type last: the last data in the buffer
* boolean absflag: set to TRUE if first line of the adagio score should
* include the absolute time
* Effect:
* write adagio file using data in event_buff
* Implementation:
* NOTE: put all program changes in rests
* use N(ext) notation for all timing
* output no more than one continuous parameter change per
* clock tick for each continuous change parameter
****************************************************************************/
private void output(fp, last, absflag)
FILE *fp;
note_type last;
boolean absflag;
{
int i; /* loop counter */
int command; /* the current command */
int voice; /* the midi channel of the current event */
int last_velocity = -1; /* used to filter repeated Lnn attributes */
int last_voice = 0; /* the default adagio channel (1) */
int ped = FALSE; /* flag maintains state of pedal */
int how_many = last - event_buff;
long now=0; /* the time of the next event */
if (fp == NULL) {
gprintf(ERROR, "internal error: output called with NULL file.\n");
EXIT(1);
}
if (debug_rec)
gprintf(GDEBUG,"hint: if file is not being closed, decrease MAXSPACE\n");
fprintf(fp, "!MSEC\n"); /* times will be in milliseconds */
/* set the initial absolute time, all other times are relative */
if (absflag) {
now = event_buff[0].when;
if (now < 0) {
fprintf(fp, "* First event took place at Adagio time %d,\n",
(int)now);
fprintf(fp, "* but Adagio cannot represent negative times,\n");
fprintf(fp, "* so this entire score will be %d ms late\n",
(int)-now);
gprintf(TRANS, "First event took place at Adagio time %d!\n",
(int)now);
gprintf(TRANS, "All events times will be %d ms late\n",
(int)-now);
now = 0L;
}
fprintf(fp, "T%ld ", now);
}
for (i = 0; i < how_many; i++) {
if (debug_rec) {
gprintf(GDEBUG,"ev %d: %x %x %x (%ld)\n", i, event_buff[i].n[0],
event_buff[i].n[1], event_buff[i].n[2], event_buff[i].when);
}
if (istime(event_buff+i)) {
now = event_buff[i].when;
if (debug_rec) gprintf(GDEBUG,"i = %d, now = %ld\n", i, now);
} else {
boolean needs_voice = TRUE;
command = event_buff[i].n[0] & MIDI_CODE_MASK;
voice = event_buff[i].n[0] & MIDI_CHN_MASK;
if (command == MIDI_ON_NOTE && event_buff[i].n[2] != 0) {
int velocity = event_buff[i].n[2];
write_pitch(fp, event_buff[i].n[1]);
fprintf(fp, " U%ld", getdur(i, last, ped, now));
if (last_velocity != velocity) {
fprintf(fp, " L%d", velocity);
last_velocity = velocity;
}
} else if (command == MIDI_CH_PROGRAM) {
fprintf(fp, "Z%d", event_buff[i].n[1] + 1);
} else if (command == MIDI_CTRL &&
event_buff[i].n[1] == SUSTAIN) {
ped = (event_buff[i].n[2] != 0);
needs_voice = FALSE;
} else if (command == MIDI_CTRL) {
char c = map_ctrl(event_buff[i].n[1]);
if (c != EOS) fprintf(fp, "%c%d", c, event_buff[i].n[2]);
else fprintf(fp, "~%d(%d)", event_buff[i].n[1], event_buff[i].n[2]);
} else if (command == MIDI_TOUCH) {
fprintf(fp, "O%d", event_buff[i].n[1]);
} else if (command == MIDI_BEND) {
fprintf(fp, "Y%d", event_bend(&event_buff[i]));
} else if (command == MIDI_ON_NOTE || command == MIDI_OFF_NOTE) {
needs_voice = FALSE; /* ignore note-offs */
} else {
gprintf(ERROR, "Command 0x%x ignored\n", command);
needs_voice = FALSE;
}
if (needs_voice) {
if (last_voice != voice) {
fprintf(fp, " V%d", voice + 1);
last_voice = voice;
}
fprintf(fp, " N%d", (int)(getnext(i, last, now) - now));
fprintf(fp, "\n");
}
}
}
}
/****************************************************************************
* write_pitch
* Inputs:
* FILE *fp: an open file
* int p: a pitch number
* Effect: write out the pitch name for a given number
****************************************************************************/
void write_pitch(FILE *fp, int p)
{
static char *ptos[] = {
"C", "CS", "D", "EF", "E", "F", "FS", "G",
"GS", "A", "BF", "B" };
/* avoid negative numbers: adagio can't express lowest octave: */
while (p < 12) {
if (!fixed_octave) {
gprintf(ERROR, "%s%s%s",
"A low note was transposed up an octave\n",
"(Adagio cannot express the lowest MIDI octave).\n",
"This message will appear only once.\n");
fixed_octave = TRUE;
}
p += 12;
}
fprintf(fp, "%s%d", ptos[p % 12], (p / 12) - 1);
}
/**********************************************************************
* rec_final
* Inputs:
* boolean absflag: output absolute time of first note if TRUE
* Effect:
* Write recorded data to a file
**********************************************************************/
void rec_final(FILE *fp, boolean absflag)
{
next->when = gettime();
last = next;
if (debug_rec) gprintf(GDEBUG,"max_pile_up = %d, ", max_pile_up);
gprintf(TRANS,"%ld times and events recorded.\n",
(long) (last - event_buff));
filter(last);
output(fp, last, absflag);
fclose(fp);
FREE(event_buff);
max_notes = -1;
}
/****************************************************************************
* rec_init
* Inputs:
* char *file: pointer to file name from command line (if any)
* boolean bender: TRUE if pitch bend should be enabled
* Outputs:
* return TRUE if initialization succeeds
* Effect:
* prepares module to record midi input
****************************************************************************/
/* ENOUGH_ROOM says if we have room for 10000 events + 10000 timestamps =
* 20000 note_struct's, then that's "enough room" for recording a sequence.
* If more ram is available, it won't be used. If less is available, we'll
* use as much as we can get, minus "SPACE_FOR_PLAY", which leaves a little
* bit of spare ram in case Moxc or stdio need to allocate some space.
* For DOS, we limit recording space to 64K.
*/
#ifdef DOS
#define ENOUGH_ROOM 64000L
#else
#define ENOUGH_ROOM (20000L * sizeof(union note_struct))
#endif
boolean rec_init(boolean bender)
{
size_t biggestChunk, spaceForRecord;
debug_rec = cl_switch("debug");
byteorder();
pile_ups = 0;
max_pile_up = 0;
previous_time = (unsigned) -1L; /* this will force putting in initial timestamp */
fixed_octave = FALSE;
if (max_notes == -1) { /* allocate space 1st time rec_init called */
biggestChunk = AVAILMEM;
if (biggestChunk <= SPACE_FOR_PLAY) {
/* not enough memory; give up */
return(FALSE);
}
else {
spaceForRecord =
MIN((biggestChunk - SPACE_FOR_PLAY), ENOUGH_ROOM);
/* leave SPACE_FOR_PLAY contiguous bytes of memory */
}
max_notes = spaceForRecord / sizeof(note_node);
/* gprintf(GDEBUG,"max_notes = %d\n", max_notes);*/
event_buff = (note_type) MALLOC(spaceForRecord);
if (event_buff == NULL) {
/* should never happen */
gprintf(FATAL, "Implementation error (record.c): getting memory.");
return FALSE;
}
}
next = event_buff;
last = event_buff + max_notes - 2; /* it is critical that last not point
* to the very last storage loc */
midi_cont(bender);
return((boolean)(max_notes > 10));
/* it would be silly to record with only room enough for 10 notes! */
}
/****************************************************************************
* rec_event
* Inputs:
* long time: the current time
* long data: midi data to record
* Outputs:
* returns FALSE if there is no more memory
* Effect: reads and stores any input
* Implementation:
* time stamps and midi events share the same buffer of 4-byte events
* save time at most once per call to rec_poll
* save time only if it changes
****************************************************************************/
boolean rec_event(long *data, time_type time)
{
/* can't allow negative time because sign bit distinguishes
* data from time: */
if (time < 0) time = 0;
if (previous_time != time) {
next++->when = previous_time = time;
if (next >= last) goto overflow;
}
next->when = *data;
next++->n[3] = MIDI_CMD_BIT; /* set tag bit */
if (next >= last) goto overflow;
return TRUE;
overflow:
next = last; /* last doesn't really point to last storage */
gprintf(ERROR, "No more memory.\n");
return FALSE;
}